A galvanometer has a resistance of 60 Ω and gives a full-scale deflection for
a current of 0.15 A. To enhance its measurement range, a shunt resistor is
connected in parallel with the galvanometer.
Calculate the resistance of the shunt resistor required to enable the gal-
vanometer to measure currents up to 1.2 A while maintaining the full-scale
deflection.
To extend the measurement range of a galvanometer and enable it to measure
higher currents, a shunt resistor is connected in parallel with it. The shunt
resistor diverts a portion of the current away from the galvanometer, preventing
it from getting overloaded.
The shunt resistor () and the galvanometer (G) are connected in parallel,
and the total current (I) is divided between them.
The ratio of the current through the galvanometer to the current through
the shunt resistor is determined by their resistances:
Given:
Resistance of the galvanometer Full-scale deflection current
through the galvanometer () = 0.15 A Maximum current to be measured
The maximum current that can flow through the galvanometer without caus-
ing damage is . To enable the galvanometer to measure currents up to
,
the current through the galvanometer must not exceed .
Using the ratio equation:
Substitute the given values:
Solving for :
Among the answer choices, the closest value is (D). This shunt resistor
value enables the galvanometer to safely measure currents up to 1.2 A while
maintaining the full-scale deflection.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
D)
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