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  • Ammonia forms the complex ion <img alt="\left [ Cu(NH_{3})_{4} \right ]^{2+}" src="http://entrancecorner.oncodecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cdpi%7B100%7D%20%5Cleft%20%5B%20Cu%28NH_%7B3%7D%29_%7B4%7D%20%5Cr

Ammonia forms the complex ion \left [ Cu(NH_{3})_{4} \right ]^{2+} with copper ions in alkaline solutions but not in acidic solutions. What is the reason for it?

Option: 1

In acidic solutions hydration protects copper ions.


Option: 2

In acidic solutions protons coordinate with ammonia molecules forming NH_{4}^{+} ions and NH_{3} molecules are not available.


Option: 3

In alkaline solutions insoluble Cu(OH)_{2} is precipitated which is soluble in excess of any alkali.


Option: 4

Copper hydroxide is an amphoteric substance.


Answers (1)

best_answer

In acidic medium, protons coordinate with NH_{3} molecule of  \left [ Cu\left ( NH_{3} \right )_{4} \right ]^{2+} to form NH^{+}_{4} and hence the lone pair of Nitrogen is not available for donation but in alkaline medium complex is stable.

Therefore, option  (2) is correct.

Posted by

Ajit Kumar Dubey

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