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  • Good evening, How to identify if a compound has co-ordinate, covalent or ionic bond?

Good evening, How to identify if a compound has co-ordinate, covalent or ionic bond?

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There is a couple different ways to determine if a bond is ionic or covalent.  By definition, an ionic bond is between a metal and a nonmetal, and a covalent bond is between 2 nonmetals.  So you usually just look at the periodic table and determine whether your compound is made of a metal/nonmetal or is just 2 nonmetals.  The exception is a compound made with ammonium (NH4+)  Since ammonium is an ion, it forms ionic compounds.  If the compound begins with H, it's an acid.

For co-ordinate Bond,The first thing needed for a dative bond is a lone electron pair in one atom and an empty orbital in another atom. This condition is necessary but enough.

There is also a formula that fails in many cases but may sometimes become handy: Formal Charge = (Oxidiation State of the centeral atom - 8 + Digit of its group number)/2

e.g.: For SO3 it would be: (6-2)/2 Which means that it has 2 co-ordinate bonds. However for a compound like NH4+ it won't work.

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Harsh

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