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Direction: Read the passage and answer the question
Title: "The Complexity of Ecosystem Dynamics"
Ecosystems are intricate networks of living organisms and their physical environments, functioning as a single, dynamic unit. They encompass a wide array of species, from microscopic bacteria to towering trees, all interdependent for survival. Understanding the complexity of ecosystem dynamics is crucial for preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecological balance.
One fundamental concept in ecology is the trophic pyramid, which illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem. Producers, such as plants, harness sunlight to produce energy-rich organic molecules through photosynthesis. These molecules are consumed by primary consumers, such as herbivores, which are then preyed upon by secondary consumers, such as carnivores. Each level of the trophic pyramid represents a transfer of energy, with energy decreasing as it moves up the pyramid.
Biodiversity, the variety of life forms within an ecosystem, is another critical aspect. High biodiversity promotes stability and resilience in ecosystems. It ensures that various species can compensate for fluctuations in populations, helping to maintain overall equilibrium.
Additionally, ecological succession is a dynamic process of change in an ecosystem's structure and composition over time. It occurs in response to disturbances, such as fires or natural events, leading to the replacement of species and alterations in the ecosystem's structure. Understanding succession patterns aids in predicting how ecosystems will respond to environmental changes.
Question:
How does high biodiversity contribute to ecosystem stability?
It leads to an increase in energy flow through trophic levels.
It allows various species to compensate for population fluctuations.
It accelerates ecological succession.
It decreases the number of trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Answers (1)
The passage mentions that high biodiversity promotes stability by allowing various species to compensate for fluctuations in populations.
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