Direction: Read the passage and answer the question.
Ecosystems, intricate webs of living organisms and their environment, form the tapestry of life on our planet. From the towering canopies of tropical rainforests to the stark expanses of deserts, each ecosystem plays a unique role in the global balance of nature.
Tropical rainforests, characterised by high rainfall and lush vegetation, host an astonishing array of biodiversity. Here, myriad species coexist in a complex dance of predator and prey, pollinator and flower. The equilibrium of this ecosystem is delicately maintained, with each organism contributing to the intricate web of life.
In contrast, deserts, with their arid conditions and limited resources, challenge life to adapt and thrive. Plants and animals in these harsh environments have evolved remarkable strategies for survival. Succulents store water for extended periods, while nocturnal creatures emerge under the cover of darkness to escape the scorching sun.
Coral reefs, often called the rainforests of the sea, thrive in the shallow, sun-drenched waters of tropical oceans. These vibrant underwater communities are teeming with life, from the brilliantly coloured corals to the myriad fish species that find refuge and sustenance within their intricate structures.
Even seemingly barren landscapes like the Arctic tundra are rich in biodiversity. Here, hardy plants and specialised animals have evolved to endure the extreme cold and brief growing seasons. Migratory birds and herds of caribou traverse this vast expanse, highlighting the interconnectedness of ecosystems across continents.
The symphony of ecosystems extends beyond terrestrial realms to include freshwater environments. Rivers, lakes, and wetlands support a diverse array of life, from aquatic plants to fish and amphibians. These ecosystems play critical roles in nutrient cycling and provide habitats for a multitude of species.
Understanding and preserving the intricate balance of ecosystems is paramount in the face of environmental challenges. Human activities, from deforestation to pollution, can disrupt this delicate harmony, leading to far-reaching consequences for both nature and humanity.
Question:
What is the central theme of the passage?
The biodiversity of tropical rainforests
The adaptability of life in different ecosystems
The challenges of survival in deserts
The importance of preserving ecosystem balance
The passage explores how life adapts and thrives in various ecosystems, highlighting their unique characteristics and challenges.