Legal Maxim on which the Vicarious liability is based upon
Qui facit per alium facit per se
Respondeat superior
Damnum sine injuria
Both (1) & (2)
Qui facit per alium facit per se" is the source of the idea of vicarious liability, which means “He who performs an act through another is deemed in law to perform the act himself." Respondeat superior means "let the superior be liable." Hence, option d is correct.