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  • Read the following passage and answer the question. Marriage, whether considered as a sacrament or a contract, gives rise to a status. It confers

Read the following passage and answer the question.
Marriage, whether considered as a sacrament or a contract, gives rise to a status. It confers a status of husband and wife on parties of the marriage, and a status of legitimacy on the children of the marriage. For a valid marriage, in most systems of law, two conditions are necessary: (a) parties must have the capacity to marry, and (b) they must undergo the necessary ceremonies and rites of marriage. In some ancient communities, both requirements were nominal. Performance of certain shastric ceremonies is still necessary for a valid Hindu marriage. If the parties to the marriage have undergone the necessary ceremonies of marriage, they cannot be heard to say that they merely intended to be a man and a concubine. If requisite ceremonies are not performed, they cannot claim to be a husband and a wife whatever might have been their intention, unless some custom is invoked under which the performance of a ceremony is not necessary, or a presumption of law exists.
From ancient times to 1955, having more than one spouse was recognized in Hindu law. However, such a practice has been abolished and monogamy has been made a rule for all persons who are governed by the principles of the Hindu law. Monogamy means that one is permitted to have only one wife or one husband at a time. The provisions of the Hindu Marriage Act make a bigamous marriage void and makes it a penal offence for both Hindu males and females under the relevant provisions of the Indian Penal Code. It is not certain when the shastric limitation on marriages within certain degrees of generation came to be established. However, the Dharamshastras considered the sexual relationship with one’s mother, one’s sister, or one’s daughter, or even with one’s son’s wife as the highest sin. The prohibition of the sapinda relationship extended only to the third or fourth degree of kinship in ancient Hindu law. 
Question
Which of the following Hindu law jurist propounded the rule that a true wife must preserve her chastity as much after as before the death of her husband in Hindu law?

 

 

 

Option: 1

Manu

 


Option: 2

Kautilya

 


Option: 3

Yajnavalkya

 


Option: 4

None of the above


Answers (1)

best_answer

Manu in his work The Manusmriti laid down the theory that only once is a maiden given in marriage, and thus a wife must keep herself chaste even after the death of her husband. Its implication has been that widow remarriage as a rule was not recognized in Hindu law. Whereas Yajnavalkya and Kautilya’s work did not focus must on chastity.

 

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