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Directions for Question : Read the passage given below and answer the questions with the most appropriate choice.

 

The concept of quantum computing has intrigued scientists and computer engineers for decades. Unlike classical computers, which operate on bits representing either 0 or 1, quantum computers use quantum bits, or qubits, that can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This property enables quantum computers to perform certain calculations at an exponentially faster rate than classical computers.

 

One of the most promising applications of quantum computing lies in cryptography. Shor's algorithm, developed by mathematician Peter Shor in 1994, demonstrated that a quantum computer could factorise large numbers exponentially faster than the best-known classical algorithms. This breakthrough raised concerns about the security of widely-used encryption methods, prompting researchers to explore post-quantum cryptography.

 

Despite their potential, quantum computers face significant technical challenges. Qubits are highly sensitive to environmental factors, making it difficult to maintain their delicate quantum states for extended periods. Error correction in quantum systems is a complex and resource-intensive task. Additionally, building a large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computer remains a formidable engineering feat.

 

Nonetheless, progress in the field is accelerating. Major tech companies and research institutions are investing heavily in quantum computing research. Quantum supremacy, the milestone at which a quantum computer outperforms the most powerful classical supercomputers on a specific task, has already been achieved in some limited cases.

Question:

What are the main technical challenges faced by quantum computers, according to the passage?

 

Option: 1

Sensitivity of qubits to environmental factors, error correction, and building fault-tolerant systems.


Option: 2

Limited capacity for storing quantum states, slow processing speed, and high energy consumption.


Option: 3

Lack of investment in quantum computing research, outdated algorithms, and insufficient computing power.

 


Option: 4

Complexity of classical encryption methods, resource-intensive calculations, and engineering difficulties.


Answers (1)

best_answer

The passage outlines the challenges as the sensitivity of qubits to environmental factors, the complexity of error correction, and the difficulty in building large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers.

 

Posted by

Pankaj

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