Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question:
In the realm of quantum physics, particles exhibit a peculiar duality. The term "wave-particle duality" encapsulates this enigma. It refers to the phenomenon where particles, such as electrons or photons, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behaviour, depending on the experimental conditions and the method of observation.
Consider the electron. In some experiments, it behaves as if it were a wave, showing interference patterns and diffraction. In others, it manifests as a discrete particle, localizable in space. This duality challenges our classical intuitions about the nature of reality and necessitates a paradigm shift in our understanding of the fundamental constituents of the universe.
Moreover, this duality extends beyond the realm of subatomic particles. It finds echoes in the realms of philosophy and human consciousness, prompting profound questions about the nature of reality itself. Are we, like particles, imbued with a duality that transcends our conventional understanding? Could there be hidden waves of consciousness underlying our tangible experiences?
Question: According to the passage, when does an electron behave as a wave?
In experiments involving interference patterns and diffraction
In experiments involving localization in space
When observed using classical methods
When undergoing quantum entanglement
The passage states that in certain experiments, electrons exhibit wave-like behaviour, showing interference patterns and diffraction.