Assertion: Prey species have evolved various defenses to lessen the impact of predation.
Reason: If a predator is too efficient and over-exploits its prey, then the prey might become extinct and following it, the predator will also become extinct for lack of food.
Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Assertion is true, but reason is false.
Assertion is false, but reason is true.
The assertion "Prey species have evolved various defenses to lessen the impact of predation" is true and is supported by the examples of cryptic coloration, poisonous nature, and distastefulness mentioned in the given text.
The reason "If a predator is too efficient and over exploits its prey, then the prey might become extinct and following it, the predator will also become extinct for lack of food" is also true and is a valid explanation for why predators are 'prudent' in nature. If a predator overexploits its prey to the extent of causing its extinction, the predator will also suffer as it loses its food source.
Option A is the correct answer.