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During a blood test for sexually transmitted diseases, a patient's sample is subjected to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect various pathogens. In this particular case, the test reveals a positive result for Treponema pallidum, the causative bacterium of syphilis. What mechanism enabled the test to identify the presence of syphilis in the patient?
It detected the presence of live Treponema pallidum bacteria.
It detected the presence of Treponema pallidum bacterial DNA within the patient's cells.
It detected the presence of antibodies specifically targeting Treponema pallidum.
It detected the presence of attenuated Treponema pallidum bacteria.
Answers (1)
ELISA testing identifies the presence of antibodies in the plasma of blood samples, indicating an immune response against specific pathogens. In the case of syphilis, ELISA detects the presence of antibodies targeting Treponema pallidum, confirming the presence of a syphilis infection.
Hence, the correct answer is option 3.
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