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Explain the pressure flow hypothesis.

 

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In 1930, Ernst Munch proposed the Pressure Flow Hypothesis to explain how sugars in the phloem moved from their source, such as leaves, to their destination, such as roots or fruits, through a bulk flow process under control by pressure. Because sucrose is being delivered into the sieve tubes at the source, which reduces the water potential and results in water entering osmotically from the xylem, there is a lot of hydrostatic pressure. This pressure drives the phloem sap to the sink, therefore releasing sucrose. The water potential rises, and water leaves the cell and enters the xylem, therefore reducing the pressure. Mass flow is propelled by this pressure difference, even without additional energy. Although the proposal falls short of offering a whole explanation for two-way transport within the same sieve tube, radiation tagging and Aphid-style experiments give credibility to it.

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