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  • In a Rutherford scattering experiment when a projectile of charge z1 and mass M1 approaches a target nucleus of charge z2 and mass M2, the distance of cl

In a Rutherford scattering experiment when a projectile of charge z1 and mass M1 approaches a target nucleus of charge z2 and mass M2, the distance of closest approach is r0. The energy of the projectile is:

Option: 1

directly proportional to z1 z2


Option: 2

inversely proportional to z1


Option: 3

directly proportional to mass M1


Option: 4

directly proportional to mass M1  M2


Answers (1)

best_answer

 

The particle of mass M_1 and charge z_1? possess initial velocity u when it at a large distance from the nucleus of an atom having an atomic number z_2.

Since is at a large distance so let its initial potential energy is 0. 

And its initial potential energy =\frac{1}{2}M_1u^2

And Its total energy is equal to PE+KE= \frac{1}{2}M_1u^2

At the distance of the closest approach, the kinetic energy of the particle is completely converted to potential energy. 

i.e At the distance of the closest approach KE=0 and PE=\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _0}*\frac{z_1z_2}{r_0} and TE=KE+PE=\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _0}*\frac{z_1z_2}{r_0}

So from energy conservation, we can say that 

So the energy of the particle is directly proportional to  z_1z_2

Posted by

Pankaj Sanodiya

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