Plants are killed in winter by frost
Because of desiccation and mechanical damage to the tissues
Because no photosynthesis takes place at such low temperature
Because respiration ceases at such low temperature
Because there is no transpiration
Plants can be killed in winter by frost due to desiccation and mechanical damage to the tissues.
Desiccation, or the loss of water, can occur when freezing temperatures cause water in the plant's cells to freeze. As water freezes, it expands, which can rupture the plant's cells and cell membranes. This damage disrupts the plant's ability to carry out essential physiological processes and can lead to cell death.
Additionally, frost can cause mechanical damage to plant tissues. When water freezes, it forms ice crystals that can physically rupture or damage the plant's cells, cell walls, and other structures. This mechanical damage can weaken the plant's tissues, leading to tissue death and ultimately plant death.
Furthermore, frost can also lead to the formation of ice on plant surfaces, such as leaves or stems, which can cause physical stress and damage. Ice accumulation can add weight to the plant, potentially causing branches to break or collapse.
Plants have various strategies to cope with freezing temperatures, such as producing antifreeze compounds, adjusting their water content, and undergoing dormancy. However, in severe or prolonged cold conditions, these strategies may not be sufficient, and frost damage can occur, resulting in the death of plant tissues or the entire plant. Hence, the correct answer is option 1.