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The unequivocal proof of DNA as the genetic material came from the studies on a
Viroid
Bacterial virus
Bacterium
Fungus
Answers (1)
The correct option is Option 2) Bacterial virus.
The unequivocal proof of DNA as the genetic material came from the studies on a bacterial virus called bacteriophage, or simply phage. In the early 1950s, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted an experiment using the bacteriophage T2 to determine whether DNA or protein was the genetic material responsible for the production of new phage particles.
They labeled the DNA of the phage with radioactive phosphorus-32 and the protein coat with radioactive sulfur-35. Then, they allowed the phage to infect bacteria and observed the subsequent infection process. After infecting the bacteria, the phage particles were separated from the bacterial cells using a blender and centrifugation.
The results showed that the majority of the radioactive phosphorus-32 (indicating the presence of DNA) was found inside the bacterial cells, while the radioactive sulfur-35 (indicating the presence of protein) remained outside the cells. This experiment demonstrated that it was the DNA, not the protein, that was injected into the bacteria during the infection process and carried the genetic information needed for the production of new phage particles.
This experiment provided strong evidence that DNA is the genetic material in organisms and played a crucial role in confirming the structure and function of DNA as the carrier of genetic information.
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