Usually, the first step performed in the extraction and isolation of metals from ores is:
Concentration of Ore
Pulverisation
Calcination
Purification and refining of metal
The steps performed in the extraction and isolation of metals from ores are:
1. Pulverisation: The ore is first crushed by jaw crushers and then ground to powder in ball mills and stamp mills.
2. Concentration of Ore: the concentration of ore is the method of separating ore from the gangue, as the gangue or matrix particles are the valueless substances that are of no use. The ore can be concentrated or separated by both physical and chemical means. The ore obtained after the completion of the ore concentration is called concentrate.
3. Extraction of the metal
4. Purification and refining of metal