What factors influence the level of species diversity in an ecosystem, and how can changes in species diversity impact ecosystem functioning and stability?
Factors that influence species diversity in an ecosystem include abiotic factors such as climate and nutrient availability, as well as biotic factors such as competition and predation.
Changes in species diversity can impact ecosystem functioning and stability through a variety of mechanisms, including altered nutrient cycling, changes in trophic interactions, and reduced resistance to disturbance.
Human activities such as habitat destruction and introduction of invasive species can have significant impacts on species diversity and ecosystem functioning.
All of the above.
The factors influencing species diversity in an ecosystem include abiotic factors (climate, nutrient availability) and biotic factors (competition, predation). Changes in species diversity can impact ecosystem functioning and stability through mechanisms like altered nutrient cycling, changes in trophic interactions, and reduced resistance to disturbance. Human activities such as habitat destruction and the introduction of invasive species can significantly affect species diversity and ecosystem functioning. Thus, the correct answer is that all of these factors contribute to the level of species diversity and its impact on ecosystem functioning and stability. Hence, the correct answer is option 4.