What is the principle behind electrophoresis?
Movement of colloidal particles under gravity
Movement of colloidal particles under an electric field
Movement of colloidal particles due to diffusion
Movement of colloidal particles due to Brownian motion
Correct option (2) Movement of colloidal particles under an electric field
Electrophoresis is a method used to separate charged colloidal particles based on their charge and size. The principle behind electrophoresis is the movement of charged particles in an electric field.When a colloidal solution is placed in an electric field, the charged particles move towards the oppositely charged electrode. This movement is called electrophoresis. The rate of electrophoresis depends on the size and charge of the particles, as well as the strength of the electric field and the viscosity of the medium.By controlling the conditions of the electric field and the medium, electrophoresis can be used to separate and analyze different types of colloidal particles based on their size and charge. This technique is commonly used in biochemistry to separate and analyze proteins and DNA fragments.