Which of the following is not a mechanism of evolution?
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Mutation
Acclimatization
The answer is d) Acclimatization. Acclimatization refers to a short-term adjustment of an organism to its environment, such as changes in behavior or physiology, that does not involve changes in the genetic makeup of the organism. It is not a mechanism of evolution because it does not result in genetic changes that can be passed down to offspring.
Contrarily, the mechanisms of evolution are mutation, genetic drift, and natural selection. Individuals with beneficial features are more likely to live and reproduce through a process called natural selection, which over time causes a gradual shift in the genetic make-up of a population. Genetic bottlenecks or founder effects are examples of chance occurrences that can cause genetic drift, which is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population. Changes in an organism's DNA sequence, known as mutation, are a process that can give rise to novel features and genetic variety among populations.
Option 4 is the correct answer.