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1.16   Analysis shows that nickel oxide has the formula  Ni_{0.98}O_{1.00}. What fractions of nickel exist as Ni^{2+} and Ni^{3+}\; ions \; ? 

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Given formula is Ni0.98O1.00.

Ratio of Ni to O is 0.98.

This means 98 Ni are required for 100 atoms of O.

Let us assume that Ni+2 ions are x.

So the number of Ni+3 ions will be 98 - x.

Using the charge neutrality principle, the net charge of Ni should be equal to a net charge of O.

So the equation becomes :

              x(2) + (98-x)3 =  2(100)

or          2x  +  294 - 3x = 200

or                x = 94.

Thus the fraction of Ni+2 ions =        

                                                      \frac{94}{98}\times100 = 96\%

and fraction of Ni+3 ions =   4%

fraction of Ni+2 ions = 100-4 =96%

Posted by

Devendra Khairwa

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