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5. Cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant from your school garden and observe it under the microscope. How would you ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem? Give reasons.

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An unknown sample can be identified to be either dicot stem or monocot stem based on the following characteristics-

Characteristics of a dicot stem- 

1. The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral, and open, with a strip of cambium between the xylem and phloem.

2. The vascular bundles are arranged to form a ring, around the centrally-located pith

3. The ground tissue is differentiated into the collenchyma, parenchyma, endodermis, pericycle, and pith.

4. In between the vascular bundles, medullary rays are present.

Characteristics of monocot stem- 

 1. The hypodermis is made up of sclerenchyma.

2. The Vascular bundles are conjoint, closed and scattered.

3. Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath.

4. Phloem parenchyma is absent.

5. Water-containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.

 

 

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Sonika

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