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3.7   Define conductivity and molar conductivity for the solution of an electrolyte. Discuss their variation with concentration.

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Conductivity(k) or specific conductance of a solution is defined as the inverse of resistivity. 

Mathematically, it can be written as:- 

                                                          G = \kappa \frac{A}{L}

In the above equation is\kappa the conductivity of a solution. Thus the definition of conductivity becomes as the conductance of a substance which is 1 cm long and has 1 sq. cm of cross-sectional area.

With dilution conductivity of a solution decreases due to an increase in distance between ions.\

 

Molar conductivity:-  It is defined as the conductivity of a solution per unit concentration 

                                    i.e.,                                       \Lambda _M\ =\ \frac{\kappa }{C}                              

It is clear from the above mathematical expression of the molar conductivity that, if we dilute the solution or decrease its concentration then molar conductivity increases. This is because, on dilution of a solution, a decrease in is\kappa more than compensated by the increase in its volume.

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Devendra Khairwa

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