2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Different methods of asexual reproduction are:
(i) Fission: The parent cell divides into two or more cells. Fission can be of two types, namely, binary fission and multiple fission. In binary fission, the parent cell divides into two equal halves called daughter cells. During the multiple fission, the organism divides itself into numerous daughter cells.
(ii) Fragmentation: The parent body divides into two or more fragments. Later, each fragment develops into a new individual.
(iii) Regeneration: In these organisms, when the cell divides into numerous pieces, each piece proliferates and differentiates to regenerate new organisms. For example, Hydra and Planaria. When the body structure of Planaria is reduced into a number of pieces, each body part can regenerate and effects in formation of a whole Planaria.
(iv) Budding: Some organisms develop buds on their body and these buds develop into a new individual, this is known as budding.
(v) Vegetative propagation: Reproduction through their vegetative parts such as leaves, roots, buds, and stems and this is known as vegetative propagation.