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Describe two important uses of each of the following caustic soda sodium carbonate quicklime

10.18 Describe two important uses of each of the following : (i) caustic soda (ii) sodium carbonate (iii) quicklime.

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R Rakesh

(i) Caustic Soda-

 

The chemical name is sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Sodium hydroxide is generally prepared commercially by the electrolysis of sodium chloride in Castner-Kellner cell.

Uses-

  •  the manufacture of soap, paper, artificial silk and a number of chemicals
  •  in the purification of bauxite,
  •  in the textile industries for mercerising cotton fabrics
  •  for the preparation of pure fats and oils, and 
  •  as a laboratory reagent. 

(ii) Sodium Carbonate-

The common name is washing soda (Na_{2}CO_{3}).Sodium carbonate is generally prepared by Solvay Process.

Uses-

  •  It is used in water softening, laundering and cleaning.
  •  It is used in the manufacture of glass, soap, borax and caustic soda.
  •  It is used in paper, paints and textile industries.
  •  It is an important laboratory reagent both in qualitative and quantitative analysis

(iii) Quick lime- 

The chemical name is calcium oxide and the formula is CaO. It is prepared on a commercial scale by heating limestone (CaCO3) in a rotary kiln at 1070-1270 K ( CaCO_{3}\rightleftharpoons CaO+CO_{2})

Uses-

  •  It is an important primary material for manufacturing cement and is the cheapest form of alkali.
  •  It is used in the manufacture of sodium carbonate from caustic soda.
  • It is employed in the purification of sugar and in the manufacture of dye stuffs. 

 

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