3. Even though very few cells in a plant carry out the biosynthetic–Calvin pathway, they are highly productive. Can you discuss why?
Answer
The productivity of a plant is directly proportional to the rate of photosynthesis which in turn is dependent on the amount of carbon dioxide present in a plant. In C4 plants a mechanism for increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide is present. Here, the Calvin cycle occurs in the bundle-sheath cells. The C4 compound malic acid from the mesophyll cells is broken down inside the bundle-sheath cells.
This causes the release of carbon dioxide gas. The increase in Carbon dioxide gas ensures that the enzyme RuBisCo does not act as an oxygenase but as a carboxylase. This prevents losses by photorespiration thus increasing the rate of photosynthesis. Hence, it can be concluded that even though very few cells in a plant carry out the biosynthetic–Calvin pathway, they are highly productive.