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  • Explain briefly micturition and disorders of the excretory system

Explain briefly, micturition and disorders of the excretory system.

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Micturition
The phenomenon when the urine passes out of the urinary bladder is termed micturition. This phenomenon is under the control of our brain and is somewhat of a voluntary action. This process involves the following steps:

- Stretching of the urinary bladder by getting filled with urine
- Transmission of signals to the central nervous system by the stretch receptors in the walls of the bladder.
- The smooth messages of the urinary bladder get motor messages from the central nervous system
- Contraction of the muscles in the urinary bladder which leads to rushing out of urine from the bladder. Post this the sphincter of the urethra gets relaxed, and it results in the outflow of urine.

Disorders of the Excretory System

1) Renal Impairment
    This disorder affects the filtration in the excretory system. It reduces the efficiency of filtration. This results in nitrogen waste accumulation in our bodies. It also affects osmoregulation and causes complex problems. The disorder is generally cured through dialysis, and the only option for a permanent cure is a kidney transplant.
2) Renal calculi
    Popularly known as a kidney stone, it is the presence of an insoluble crystal-like substance in the kidney. In many cases, by increased fluid intake, it can be cured, but in some serious cases, surgery is required to take out the stones.
3) Glomerulonephritis
    it is a condition in which the glomerulus gets swollen. It happens as a result of an infection in the body.

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