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  • What is Down’s syndrome? Give its symptoms and cause. Why is it that the chance of having a child with Down’s syndrome increases if the age of the mother exceeds forty years?

What is Down’s syndrome? Give its symptoms and cause. Why is it that the chance of having a child with Down’s syndrome increases if the age of the mother exceeds forty years?

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First discovered and described by Langdon Down in 1866, Down’s syndrome refers to the presence of an additional copy of 21st chromosome. It is a chromosomal disorder. A person with this condition has:

  • distinct facial appearance with partially opened mouth and furrowed tongue
  • small round head
  • delayed physical and mental development
  • short stature
  • broad palm

According to studies, with advancing maternal age, the chances of Down’s syndrome increases in the child. This is because cells get older with the age of the mother and the ova are present since birth in females. Various physio-chemical exposures also lead to increased chances. 

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