(a) A gas is released during photosynthesis. Name the gas and also state the way by which the gas is evolved.
(b) What are stomata? What governs the opening and closing of stomata?
a) Oxygen is the gas which is released during photosynthesis.
While the process of photosynthesis, the chlorophyll gets activated by photons and which leads to the process of photolysis and during this process oxidation occurs which releases oxygen gas.
b) Stomata are the opening present on the surface of the leaf for the exchange of gases.
Different mechanisms are there which is responsible for the opening and closing of the stomata. As it depends upon the turgor pressure in the guard cells. This opening and closing of stomata occur due to turgor changes in guard cells. Whenever the guard cells are turgid, the stomatal pore is open while in flaccid conditions, the stomatal aperture closes.