The simplest way to explain the difference between the two is that absolute pressure uses absolute zero as its zero point. Absolute Pressure– In a perfect vacuum, the point of zero is the complete absence of pressure. This is referred to as Absolute Zero Pressure. Absolute Pressure is the pressure being measured from absolute zero pressure.
Atmospheric Pressure– In most cases, this is the pressure caused by the Earth’s atmosphere (unless you happen to be on another planet). This pressure is commonly affected by altitude, wind velocity, and temperature. For most pressure gauges, the gauge reads zero at Atmospheric Pressure. While gauge pressure uses atmospheric pressure as its zero point.