Nucleotides
- Nucleotides are the monomer units of nucleic acids.
- A nucleotide is made up of nucleoside and phosphate group.
- A nucleoside is made up of 5-carbon pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base.
- There are two types of nitrogenous bases: purine and pyrimidine.
- Purines have a double-ring structure. There are two types of purines - adenine and guanine
- Pyrimidines have a single-ring structure. There are three types of pyrimidines - thymine, cytosine, and uracil.
- A nitrogenous base is attached to the pentose sugar at the C-1 via the N-glycosidic bond. It is a covalent bond.
- The phosphate group is attached to the C-5 via a phosphodiester bond.

A Nucleotide showing Glycosidic and Ester bonds at C-1 and C-5 respectively
A phosphodiester bond is present between the phosphate group and
of pentose sugar.
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