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  • During the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution, which among the following is formed at the cathode?  Option: 1 <p style="lis

During the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution, which among the following is formed at the cathode?

 

Option: 1

Hydrogen gas

 


Option: 2

Sodium metal

 


Option: 3

Water

 


Option: 4

Chlorine gas


Answers (1)

Electrolysis of aqueous \mathrm{NaCl} will form hydrogen gas at the cathode. Other products will be \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) and \mathrm{Cl}_2  gas.

\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{NaCl} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Na}^{+}+\mathrm{Cl}^{-} \\ & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{OH}^{-} \end{aligned}

On passing electricity, \mathrm{Na}^{+}and \mathrm{H}^{+} ions move towards cathode. \mathrm{Cl}^{-} and \mathrm{OH}^{-} ions move towards anode. The discharge potential of \mathrm{H}^{+} ions is less negative than \mathrm{Na}^{+} ions. Thus \mathrm{H}^{+} ions get discharged easily and hydrogen is liberated at cathode.
\mathrm{Cl}^{-} ions get discharged easily and \mathrm{Cl}_2 is liberated at anode as the discharge potential of \mathrm{Cl}^{-} ions is less than \mathrm{OH}^{-} ions.

Posted by

Sumit Saini

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