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Get Answers to all your Questions
- #Cell Structure and Function
- #Class 11
- #Medical
- #Biology
- #National Eligilibility Cum Entrance Test
- #National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test
First gap phase in cell cycle is
Option: 1
interval between mitotic phase and DNA replication phase
Option: 2
interval between DNA replication phase and DNA separation phase
Option: 3
interval between karyokinesis and cytokinesis
Option: 4
interval between DNA replication phase and second gap phase
Answers (1)
Howard and Pelc classified interphase into three sub-stages:
1. G1 - phase or Pre DNA synthesis phase (First Gap phase):
- The cell recovers from the previous division.
- The cell increases in size, doubles its organelles (such as mitochondria and ribosomes), and accumulates materials that will be used for DNA synthesis.
- Cells are constantly performing their normal daily functions, including communicating with other cells, secreting substances, and carrying out cellular respiration.
2. S - phase (DNA synthesis phase):
- Following G1, the cell enters the S stage, when DNA synthesis or replication occurs.
- At the beginning of the S stage, each chromosome is composed of one DNA double helix.
- Following DNA replication, each chromosome is composed of two identical DNA double helix molecules.
- Each double helix is called a chromatid.
- Another way of expressing these events is to say that DNA replication has resulted in duplicated chromosomes, and the two chromatids will remain attached until they are separated during mitosis.
- If the initial amount of DNA is denoted as 2C then it increases to 4C.
- However, there is no increase in the chromosome number; if the cell had diploid or 2n number of chromosomes at G1, even after S phase the number of chromosomes remains the same, i.e., 2n.
3. G2 - phase (Second Gap phase) or Post DNA synthesis phase:
- Following the S stage, G 2 is the stage from the completion of DNA replication to the onset of mitosis.
- At this stage, the proteins that will be helpful during the cell division are synthesized.
- For example, proteins that form microtubules will be synthesized.
The First Gap occurs after the M-phase. It represents the interval between the M-phase and S-phase (replication phase).
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