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How do environmental factors such as light and humidity affect stomatal movement?

 

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The environmental factors such as humidity and light have a major effect on stomatal movement. It is important for controlling plant water balance and gas exchange in the following ways: 

  1. Light: The guard cell's phototropins are triggered by the blue light and result in proton pumps that produce an electrochemical gradient.  The water enters the cells through osmosis as a result of the driving absorption of K? and Cl?.  In guard cells, the turgor pressure causes stomatal opening, allowing CO? to enter for photosynthesis.
  2. Humidity: The dynamic movement of stomata helps in regulating the balance of CO? uptake and water conservation. The high humidity keeps the stomata open by lowering the transpiration gradient and helping the guard cells in holding onto water and remaining turgid. On the other hand, low humidity causes turgor pressure to decrease and stomatal closure to preserve water.
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Saniya Khatri

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