Introduction to Meiosis -
Introduction to Meiosis
- The term ‘meiosis’ was given by Farmer and Moore.
- It can be defined as the types of cell division in which the DNA of the chromosomes replicates only once but the cell divides twice.
- Hence, it is a type of cell division in which a diploid cell is reduced to a haploid cell. Therefore, it is also called reductional division.
- A diploid cell is the one which has two sets of chromosomes. For example, in humans the diploid number of chromosomes in 46. There are two sets of chromosomes with 23 chromosomes each. These two sets have come from ovum (mother’s) and sperm (father’s).
- Meiosis produces haploid cells from diploid parent cells.
- Haploid cells in humans are called gametes. These have 23 chromosomes, that is, only a single set of chromosome present. The haploid gametes unite to form a diploid zygote.
- Meiosis occurs in the reproductive or germ line cells in the reproductive organs of the organisms.
- In lower plants like algae, it occurs in the zygote because in these plants the main plant body is haploid.
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In lower plants like algae, meiosis occurs in the zygote because in these plants the main plant body is haploid.
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