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Insulin increases facilitated diffusion of glucose in muscle cells by
Phosphorylation of glucose transporters.
Translocation of glucose transporter containing endosomes into the cell membrane.
Inhibition of the synthesis of mRNA for glucose.
Dephosphorylation of glucose transporters
Answers (1)
Insulin increases facilitated diffusion of glucose in muscle cells by promoting the translocation of glucose transporters from intracellular vesicles (endosomes) to the cell membrane.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas and plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. When insulin binds to its receptor on the surface of muscle cells, it triggers a signalling cascade that leads to the translocation of glucose transporters, specifically GLUT4 transporters, from intracellular vesicles to the plasma membrane.
The translocation of GLUT4 transporters to the cell membrane allows them to facilitate the uptake of glucose from the extracellular fluid into the muscle cells. By increasing the number of glucose transporters on the cell surface, insulin enhances the efficiency of glucose uptake and utilisation by muscle cells.
This translocation process is a key mechanism by which insulin promotes glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. It helps regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose entry into cells and reducing its concentration in the bloodstream.
Therefore, the statement that insulin increases facilitated diffusion of glucose in muscle cells by translocation of glucose transporters containing endosomes into the cell membrane is accurate. Hence, the correct answer is option 2.
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