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  • Solvay's process is used for the preparation of sodium carbonate. Which among the following raw materials are used in Solvay's process?Option: 1

Solvay's process is used for the preparation of sodium carbonate. Which among the following raw materials are used in Solvay's process?

Option: 1

\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}, \mathrm{NH}_{3}, \mathrm{NaCl}


Option: 2

\mathrm{NaOH}, \mathrm{CO}_{2}


Option: 3

\mathrm{NaCl}, \mathrm{CaCO}_{3}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}


Option: 4

\mathrm{NH}_{3}, \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{NaCl}


Answers (1)

best_answer

The raw materials used in solvay's process are: \mathrm{NaCl}, \mathrm{NH}_{3}$, and $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}

The following reactions take place during solvay's process.

First of all calcium carbonate is heated and decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
\mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}

Ammonia is reacted with carbon dioxide to form ammonium carbonate.
2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}

Excess of carbon dioxide is formed to convert ammonium carbonate into ammonium hydrogencarbonate .
\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCl}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \downarrow+2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}
\mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3}

Now the ammonium bicarbonate is reacted with sodium chloride. Sodium from sodium chloride replaces ammonia from ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate is formed.
\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NaCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}

Sodium hydrogencarbonate is obtained from here. It is then further heated to give sodium carbonate i.e. washing soda.
2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}

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