Anatomy of Leaf
Main features of the anatomy of leaf:
- The epidermis is single-layered. There is an upper epidermis and a lower epidermis.
- Cutin is present in the outer cell walls of the epidermal cells.
- Petiole has either sclerenchymatous or collenchymatous hypodermis.
- The ground tissue is made up of parenchymatous cells. These are called mesophyll cells.
- The mesophyll tissue is present between the upper and lower epidermis.
- The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and closed.
- Xylem faces the adaxial surface (upper surface).
- Phloem faces the abaxial surface (lower surface).
- In the leaves of xerophytes, the epidermis is multiseriate and stomata are sunken.
- In the C4 plants, bundle sheath is present around the vascular bundles.
The mesophyll tissue of leaf is differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
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