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  • The hybridization of the central atom in a molecule with lone pair(s) can lead to a distorted geometry compared to the expected geometry. This distortion is primarily due to:<div class='qna-opt

The hybridization of the central atom in a molecule with lone pair(s) can lead to a distorted geometry compared to the expected geometry. This distortion is primarily due to:

Option: 1

The repulsion between lone pairs and bonding pairs.


Option: 2

The availability of d orbitals for hybridization.


Option: 3

The size of the central atom.


Option: 4

The number of covalent bonds formed.


Answers (1)

Presence of lone pair on central atom of a molecule although ignored in the identification of shape of molecule but they distort the shape of a molecule so as to reduce lone pair-bond pair repulsion. For example, in ammonia molecule, one lone pair and three bond pairs of electrons are present. \mathrm{sp}^3 hybridization results in pyramidal geometry. Based on hybridization, the predicted bond angle is 109^{\circ} but the actual bond angle is 107^{\circ} . The decrease in the bond angle is due to repulsion between lone pair and bond pair of electrons which distorts the pyramidal geometry.

Posted by

Ramraj Saini

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