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Which of the following statements about the role of the medulla oblongata in respiration regulation is accurate?
The medulla oblongata senses and responds to changes in oxygen levels.
The medulla oblongata regulates the depth and rate of respiration.
The medulla oblongata controls the voluntary aspect of respiration.
The medulla oblongata is not involved in the regulation of respiration.
Answers (1)
The brainstem's medulla oblongata is an area that is essential for controlling respiration. The respiratory centers, which regulate the depth and speed of breathing, are specialized clusters of neurons in the brain.
Dorsal and ventral respiratory groups (DRG and VRG, respectively) are the two primary respiratory centers found in the medulla oblongata. The inspiratory muscles are principally under the direction of the DRG, which also establishes the fundamental breathing rhythm. The VRG controls both the inhalation and exhalation of air, coordinating the contraction of additional breathing muscles.
The medulla oblongata receives input from various sources, including chemoreceptors that detect changes in blood pH and carbon dioxide levels, as well as other sensory receptors. Based on this input, the medulla adjusts the rate and depth of breathing to maintain appropriate levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.
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