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Which of the following statements is correct w.r.t homologous chromosomes?
Option: 1
There is only a single set of homologous chromosomes in gametes.
Option: 2
In a diploid cell, there will be a single set of homologous chromosomes.
Option: 3
Homologous pairing can be observed in mitosis.
Option: 4
Homologous chromosomes can have different genes.
Answers (1)
Homologous pair of chromosomes:
- Before proceeding with the concept of meiosis, it is important to know the concept of a homologous pair of chromosomes.
- During mitosis, the chromosomes behave as an individual unit and do not show any attraction of any kind.
- However, during meiosis, chromosomes are seen to present in a paired manner.
- The chromosomes in a pair are called homologous chromosomes or homologs.
- The homologous chromosomes show the same banding pattern when stained because of the presence of the same type of gene loci.
- However, they can differ in the allelic makeup.
- In the diploid cells of humans, there are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes.
Diagrammatic representation of the homologous chromosome
As the gametes are haploid, there is only a single set of homologous chromosomes in them. In a diploid cell, there will be two sets of homologous chromosomes. Homologous pairing is seen during meiosis. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes but different alleles.
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