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Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
Option: 1
Viroid lack a protein coat
Option: 2
Viruses are obligate parasites
Option: 3
Infective constituents in viruses is the protein coat
Option: 4
Prions consist of abnormally folded proteins
Answers (1)
Virus:
- A virus is a nucleoprotein entity which requires a living host to replicate by utilising the replication machinery of its host
- Viruses were discovered by Ivanowsky (1892)
- Beijerinek called viruses as ‘contagium vivum fluidum’ which refers to living infectious fluid.
- The term Virus was coined by Pasteur which refers to poison.
- Viruses are obligate parasites.
Viroids:
- These are the smallest self-replicating, infectious particles having RNA without a protein coat
- These were discovered by T.O. Diener in 1971 as the causal organism of Spindle Tuber disease in Potato. Since protein coat was absent in them, they were called as Viroid.
- Viroids have circular single-stranded RNA with low molecular weight.
- Cadang-Cadang in Coconut is also caused by Viroid.
Prions:
- Prions are infectious protein particles.
- These were discovered by Stanley Prusiner while they were working on scrapie disease of sheep and mad cow disease.
- These cause Scrapie disease of Sheep, Mad cow disease , Kuru (laughing death) disease, Alzheimer's disease etc.
- Prions are causative agent of neurodegenerative diseases.
Infective constituent in viruses is the genetic material.
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