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  • Which of the following statements is true about the polarity of ?

Which of the following statements is true about the polarity of \mathrm{BeCl_{2}} ?

Option: 1

The molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between Be and Cl.


Option: 2

The molecule is polar due to the lone pair of electrons on the central Be atom.


Option: 3

The molecule is nonpolar due to the symmetric arrangement of the two Be-Cl bonds.


Option: 4

The polarity of the molecule cannot be determined without knowing the bond lengths.


Answers (1)

best_answer

\mathrm{BeCl_{2}} is nonpolar due to the symmetric arrangement of the two polar Be-Cl bonds. The electronegativity difference between Be and Cl is small, and there are no lone pairs of electrons on the central Be atom.

  • Here are some properties of \mathrm{BeCl_{2}} :

    1. Physical properties:\mathrm{BeCl_{2}} is a colorless, crystalline, and hygroscopic solid at room temperature. 

    2. It has a melting point of 399 °C and a boiling point of 482 °C. BeCl2 is soluble in polar solvents such as water and ethanol, but insoluble in non-polar solvents such as benzene and hexane.

    3. Molecular structure:\mathrm{BeCl_{2}} has a linear molecular shape, with a bond angle of 180 degrees between the beryllium and chlorine atoms.

    4. Bonding: \mathrm{BeCl_{2}}  exhibits covalent bonding, with the beryllium atom forming two polar covalent bonds with each of the chlorine atoms.

    5. Reactivity:\mathrm{BeCl_{2}} is a strong Lewis acid, capable of accepting electron pairs from other molecules or atoms. It reacts with water to form beryllium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, and with alcohols to form beryllium alkoxides and hydrogen chloride.

    6. Toxicity:\mathrm{BeCl_{2}} is toxic when ingested or inhaled, and exposure can lead to respiratory and skin irritation, as well as other health effects such as lung damage and cancer.

    7. Uses: \mathrm{BeCl_{2}}  has various uses, including as a precursor for the production of beryllium metal and various beryllium compounds, as a catalyst in organic chemistry reactions, as a dopant in the semiconductor industry, and in the production of radiation shielding glass and X-ray tubes.

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