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13.4     Arrange the following:

                 (ii) In increasing order of basic strength:

                 C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2},C_{6}H_{5}N(CH_{3})_{2},(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}NH and CH_{3}NH

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The increasing order of basic strength-

C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2}<C_{6}H_{5}N(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}<CH_{3}NH_{2}<(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}NH

Aliphatic amines are more basic than aromatic amines due to the presence of high electron density of electron at N atom so that it can donate an electron. On the other hand in aromatic amines the lone pair of electron delocalised in the benzene ring so the availability of electron is less.

(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}NH is more basic because of +I effect of the two ethyl group (so electron density is highest in this compound) while methylamine has one ethyl group. In aromatic amines, diethylaniline is more basic due to the presence of more number of electron donating group.

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