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What are recombinant DNA vaccines? Give two examples of such vaccines. Discuss their advantages.
Answers (1)
In recombinant DNA vaccine, only one or two antigen is inserted into the DNA of a suitable host. Recombinant DNA technology enables to make vaccines on a larger scale with least chances of contamination. These are cheaper. Examples include Hepatitis B and HPV Vaccine
Cell culture is used to do large scale production. A suitable animal (ex - horse) is injected with strains of pathogen and antigens are produced in the horse's cells. Antigens are then extracted from horse's serum. However, there are many shortcomings to this method –
- Due to the possibility of contamination, there are chances of contracting other diseases
- The method is challenged by Animal Rights Activists.
Recombinant DNA technology can address these issues as yeast is required to produce the vaccine, and large scale production can be done at a lower cost.
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