(a) Differentiate between electrical resistance and resistivity of a conductor.
(b) Two metallic rods, each of length L, area of cross and
, having resistivities
and
are connected in parallel across a d.c. battery. Obtain the expression for the effective resistivity of this combination.
a) Electrical resistance (R) of a conductor equals the ratio of the potential difference (V) applied across it, to the resulting current (I) flowing through it.
b) The resistivity of a conductor equals the resistance of a wire of unit length and unit area of cross-section, drawn from the material of that conductor.
For the parallel combination equivalent resistance is given by