(a) Explain the principle on the basis of which DNA is separated by the technique of Gel electrophoresis.
(b) How is the separated DNA visualised ?
(a) DNA fragments are the negatively-charged molecules. By using this property of DNA it is forced to move towards an anode under an electric field through an agarose medium. The DNA fragment separates according to their size through sieving effect provided by agarose gel. Hence the smaller the fragment in size, greatly it moves.
(b) The DNA fragments after separation are treated with ethidium bromide followed by UV radiation exposure. This enables us to visualize the DNA fragments.