Explain the process of amplification of genes of interest using PCR technique.
Answers (1)
PCR ( Polymerase chain reaction) involves three steps
Denaturation- The double stranded DNA is heated so that the two strands separate from each other (Temp- )
Annealing- The primers which are small chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the region of DNA ( our gene of interest) attach to the template DNA. ( Temp- )
Extension- The enzyme DNA Polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction and the genomic DNA as template. ( Temp- ) The process of replication of DNA is repeated many times, the segment of DNA can be amplified to approximately billion times, i.e., 1 billion copies are made. Such repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase (isolated from a bacterium, Thermus aquaticus), which remain active during the high temperature.