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  • (i) By the transfer of electrons, illustrate the formation of bond in magnesium chloride and identify the ions present in this compound. (ii) Ionic compounds are solids. Give reasons.

(i) By the transfer of electrons, illustrate the formation of bond in magnesium chloride and identify the ions present in this compound.

(ii) Ionic compounds are solids. Give reasons.

(iii) With the help of a labelled diagram show the experimental set up of action of steam on a metal.

 

 

Answers (1)

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i) Formation of Magnesium Chloride by Transfer of Electrons

Step 1: Electronic configurations

  • Magnesium (Mg): 2,8,22, 8, 22,8,2 → loses 2 electrons → forms Mg2+Mg^{2+}Mg2+

  • Chlorine (Cl): 2,8,72, 8, 72,8,7 → each gains 1 electron → forms Cl−Cl^{-}Cl−

Step 2: Electron transfer

  • Magnesium loses 2 electrons.

  • Two chlorine atoms gain 1 electron each.

Representation:

Mg → Mg2+ + 2e

Therefore:

Mg2+ + 2Cl− → MgCl2?

Ions present in magnesium chloride

  • Magnesium ion: Mg2+

  • Chloride ions: Cl−

(ii) Why Ionic Compounds Are Solids

Ionic compounds are solids because:

  1. Strong electrostatic forces of attraction (ionic bonds) exist between the positively and negatively charged ions.

  2. These forces are very strong, requiring a large amount of energy to break.

  3. Therefore, ions are held firmly in a rigid crystal lattice, making ionic compounds hard, solid, and brittle at room temperature.

(iii) Experimental Setup for Action of Steam on a Metal

Below is a labelled text diagram (acceptable in written exams):

             Delivery Tube
                 |
                 v
     ----------------------------
     |                          |
     |      Steam Generator     |
     |   (Water + Heat Source)  |
     ----------------------------
                 |
                 |
          (Steam passes)
                 |
                 v
        -------------------
        |                 |
        |   Metal (e.g., |
        |   Iron filings)|
        -------------------
                 |
                 v
          Gas produced (H?)
                 |
                 v
        ----------------------
        |  Soap solution or  |
        |  Test tube to test |
        |  hydrogen gas      |
        ----------------------
 

Posted by

Saumya Singh

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