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  • State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of the solution which obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.      

State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of the solution which obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

Answers (1)

In a solution, the vapour presence of a compound at a given temperature is equal to the mole fraction of that compound in the solution multiplied by the vapour pressure of that component in the pure state.

Let's consider a mixture of two volatile liquids A & B, having mole fraction x_A & x_B and partial vapour pressure p_A & p_B, and p^o_A, p^o_B be their vapour pressure in the pure state respectively.

p_A = x_Ap^o_A \qquad p_B = x_Bp^o_B \\ p = p_A + p_B

    = x_Ap^o_A + x_Bp^o_B

    = (1- x_B)p^o_A + x_Bp^o_B

p = (p^o_B - p^o_A)x_B + p^o_A

The two characteristics of the solution which obeys Rault's law at all concentrations are as:

  1. \Delta H_{mix} = 0, ie the enthalpy of mixing of pure components to form the solution should be zero.
  2. \Delta V_{mix} = 0, the volume of mixing pure components should be zero.
Posted by

Sumit Saini

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