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Why is the terminal voltage of a cell generally less than the emf of the cell?  

 

 
 
 
 
 

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The terminal voltage of a cell generally less than the emf of the cell because there is a potential drop across the internal resistance of the cell

 V=E-Ir  , where I is the current and r is the internal resistance of the cell, V is the terminal voltage and E is the emf of the cell.

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Safeer PP

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